Drivers to dust emissions over dust belt from 1980 to 2018 and their variation in two global warming phases

Dust storms are one of the major disasters in arid and semi-arid regions. Understanding impact factors is crucial for early warning disaster mitigation. Many have been affecting spatiotemporal patterns dust storms. However, relative importance those to emissions recent 40 years over whole belt has not well documented. This study explored interannual variation belt. The difference primary contributors two global warming phases was compared investigate association emission trend with warming. results indicated that wind regimes, such as nocturnal low-level jet, were key wintertime Sahel. springtime related cold air cyclones primarily occurred southern coast Mediterranean northwestern China. high heat low typical mechanisms summertime emissions, which frequently formed western North Africa, Middle East, Indian subcontinent. Whereas land cover drought conditions play significant roles relatively wetter regions, i.e., Mediterranean, Ustyurt Plateau, northwest Ocean, Thar desert Taklimakan desert. coincided decreasing sources inland a more effect seen Asia. positive anomalies found low-lying coastal areas on foot mountains. drivers trends their under different periods can improve prediction storm evolutions mitigate impacts future climate change.